Intercom Security

Intercom systems provide a convenient way to communicate between different areas of a building or property. However, intercoms also present potential security risks that must be addressed. Proper intercom security is essential for maintaining privacy and preventing unauthorized access.

Physical Security of Intercom Equipment

The intercom exchange unit and wiring should be installed securely and access limited only to authorized personnel. Outdoor intercom stations should be vandal-resistant and tamper-proof to prevent damage or misuse. Indoor stations can be protected in locked utility closets. Consider video surveillance cameras to monitor intercom locations.

Access Codes and Locks

Require access codes to activate intercom stations. Change default factory codes. Log and monitor access attempts. Require codes to unlock doors via intercoms. Install auto-lock timers.

Network and Data Security

Intercom systems increasingly utilize IP networks for connectivity. Apply standard network security best practices:

Encryption

Use encryption like HTTPS, SSL/TLS to protect communication over networks. Encrypt audio and video if transmitted over networks.

Firewalls

Use firewalls to control network traffic and access. Limit connections to specific IP addresses or domains.

VPNs

Route intercom traffic through VPN tunnels to provide secure remote access. Restrict VPN access with strong credentials.

Intrusion Detection

Implement intrusion detection systems to identify malicious network activity targeting the intercom system.

Access Control Policies

Formal access control policies for intercom use prevent misuse:

Authentication

Require unique credentials for each user. Disable inactive credentials promptly. Use multi-factor authentication where possible.

Authorization

Grant access rights based on user roles. Administrative access should be limited.

Logging

Log access attempts, voice and video connections, and lock/door activations. Regularly audit logs for anomalies.

Physical Keys

Issue physical door keys only to authorized personnel. Require return of keys from departing employees. Rekey locks periodically.

Robust intercom security allows convenient communication without compromising privacy or control. Proper policies coupled with physical protections, access control, and network security provide multilayered protection against misuse or attacks. Audit systems regularly to identify and address any vulnerabilities or policy violations. With vigilant security, intercom systems can safely enhance communication and access management.

Video Intercom Security

Video intercoms add visual capabilities that require additional security:

Video Encryption

Encrypt video feeds to prevent eavesdropping. Consider end-to-end encryption where only authorized endpoints can decrypt the video stream.

Camera Placement

Position cameras to only cover necessary areas like building entrances. Avoid views into private residential areas. Inform visitors of camera use.

Video Storage

If storing video, restrict access to authorized personnel. Store minimal footage needed. Have policies for video retention and destruction.

Video Authentication

Require PINs or other authentication to view video at intercom stations. Prevent unauthorized video access.

Wireless and Mobile Intercom Security

Wireless intercoms and mobile integration require additional precautions:

Signal Encryption

Encrypt wireless signals and mobile data connections to prevent eavesdropping of intercom transmissions.

Access Point Security

Secure wireless access points with WPA2 encryption, MAC address filtering, and SSID hiding. Limit access points to only necessary locations.

Mobile Device Policies

Require passwords, encryption, and remote wipe capabilities on mobile devices used to access intercoms. Install mobile device management software.

Mobile Authentication

Implement two-factor or biometric authentication for mobile intercom apps. Restrict apps to company-owned devices.

Intercom Security Audits

Regular audits help identify and address intercom security gaps:

Physical Inspections

Inspect intercom stations and wiring for damage, wear, or issues needing repair. Document hardware changes or additions.

Network Scans

Scan networks for connected intercom devices. Check for unauthorized connections or missing security controls.

Policy Reviews

Review policies and procedures to ensure alignment with best practices. Update as needed.

User Access Reviews

Audit user accounts and access rights. Remove outdated accounts and enforce least privilege.

Log Auditing

Review logs for anomalies, failed access attempts, or violations. Investigate and address concerns.

Intercom Security Training

User training improves compliance with intercom security policies:

Acceptable Use Policies

Ensure users understand appropriate intercom use and prohibited activities. Have users acknowledge policies.

Access Procedures

Train users on proper procedures to gain building access via intercoms. Limit sharing of access codes.

Incident Reporting

Instruct users to report suspicious intercom activity, breaches, or policy violations.

Regular intercom security reviews and user training help sustain protections and compliance over time. Proactively addressing vulnerabilities and risks allows intercom systems to enhance communication and access control without compromising security.